Debra L. Forthman, President of
ABCS
I
began my informal study of animal behavior as a toddler,
focusing first on snakes, to the horror of adults. My
first “formal” pet was a duckling, followed
by a kitten. When we moved to a lake, I came home with
frogs, turtles, birds, rodents and once, even leeches
for pets. As with the snakes, I was ordered to return
the leeches to where I had found them. When I was five,
I decided I would live in Africa one day.
In high school veterinary medicine seemed the thing
to do, so I volunteered at the local clinic that cared
for our poodle. At that time I began to read about
behavior and was inspired by Jane Goodall’s
first book. I soon decided that I preferred behavior
to medicine.
During my freshman year at Bucknell University, I
was fascinated by a course in comparative psychology.
After a year I transferred to the University of California
at Riverside, where I began to study primates, both
a colony of macaques on campus and island groups of
chimpanzees at Lion Country Safari.
My childhood "decision" was fulfilled during
my junior year when I left for Tanzania with one very
large suitcase to live for a year and study baboons.
During that year we walked with the baboons twelve
hours per day, and encountered lions, leopards, elephants
and Cape buffalo, the latter two on a daily basis.
It was a wonderful and life-changing experience to
study the animals and get to know the people.
I started graduate school at UCLA in 1977, working
with the renegade psychologist John Garcia. In Garcia’s
lab I learned a great deal about conditioned taste
aversion (CTA). A CTA is what people and animals acquire
when they eat something and then get sick some time
later. Usually, they avoid the food in the future.
While looking for a dissertation project and learning
about environmental “enrichment” for
captive wildlife, I heard about the "Pumphouse
Gang", a group of baboons in Kenya long studied
by anthropologist Shirley Strum. "Pumphouse
Gang" was in trouble because they were raiding
crops of farmers who had recently settled where
the baboons lived. By chance, I was the only
person at the time who knew about both applied
CTA and baboons. I obtained a Fulbright fellowship
and lived in Kenya for nearly two years, studying
CTA first with baboons in a laboratory and
then applying it to the wild baboons at Gilgil.
While the project demonstrated that wild baboons
could develop taste aversions for ordinary
maize, the biochemical technology was not sufficiently
advanced in 1982 to make widespread application
feasible.
After receiving my PhD in 1984, I began training
in zoo research at the Los Angeles Zoo. With support
from grants, I worked there for two years, conducting
studies to learn about and improve the lives of animals
with which I was not familiar, such as chamois, California
condors, bongos and sloth bears.
For another two years I worked on an application
of taste aversion to coyotes on woolgrowers’
ranches in California, Arizona and Nevada.
The project, funded by Congress and administered
by the USDA, was cut short when the EPA (Enviromental
Protection Agency) declined to issue us an
experimental use permit for the chemical lithium
chloride.
In late 1988, I joined the staff at Zoo Atlanta,
where I started as an Applied Behavior Analyst. During
that year I conducted a study on enrichment for bears
in the zoo who still lived in traditional exhibits.
The following year, I became Coordinator of Scientific
Programs and an adjunct professor in the School of
Psychology at Georgia Institute of Technology. I supervised
the scientific research on zoo grounds, most of which
was conducted by graduate students of Dr. Terry Maple,
director of Zoo Atlanta and a professor at Georgia
Tech.
During my last five years at the zoo, I was given
the task of developing a new department and became
Director of Field Conservation. I was fortunate to supervise a small, talented staff that was involved in programs in the U.S., Central and South America, Asia and Africa. The Africa program was the largest, with a staff member working there full-time. It was a gratifying
job. During the summers, Dr. Tara Stoinski and I led
the Zoo Atlanta-Georgia Tech Field Course in Animal
Behavior, a three-week intensive course for undergraduates
held on safari in Kenya and South Africa.
When my job at the zoo ended in 2002, I worked
as a pet consultant for a year with Dr. Melissa
Shyan. After she relocated, and closed
her business here, I started ABCS. It is exciting
and challenging to be practicing the science
and art of animal behavior research in yet
another environment, that of the clinician
in private practice. Because owners often say, “You
are my last resort”
before they take their animal to the shelter
or have it euthanized, it is rewarding to
be able to solve the problem and restore a
harmonious relationship between the owner
and the pet.
I have maintained ties to the captive wildlife community
as a scientific advisor to and member of the working
group of the Coalition for Captive Elephant Well-Being
and to the academic community as a Senior Fellow in
the Center for Conservation and Behavior in the School
of Psychology at Georgia Tech.
I believe that we are here to be of service to others.
When that is combined with my life-long commitment
to make life better for animals, running ABCS is the
ideal job.
If you'd like to see my professional vita, describing
in detail my education, work experience and publications,
click here.